Egypt has formally placed the Muslim Brotherhood on its terrorist-entities list on a final basis, following the publication of a decision by the Public Prosecutor’s Office in the Official Gazette on November 9. The decision also places three individuals on the country’s terrorist list, citing final court judgments against them.
The official measure was issued by the office responsible for regulating Egypt’s lists of terrorist entities and terrorists. It ends the effect of earlier temporary listing decisions from 2022 and replaces them with designations based on judgments that have become final and unappealable. The announcement identifies the Brotherhood and the three individuals as the subjects of the new listings.
The legal process behind the measure involved several steps. Cairo’s Criminal Court had ruled in a case concerning the group, and the Court of Cassation issued a ruling on April 2, 2026, in an appeal connected to that case. The judgment became final after the Cassation Court’s decision. The Public Prosecutor’s Office then published the listing measure, drawing on the final court rulings.
The distinction matters: the November announcement was not a new ruling by the Court of Cassation directly adding the organization to the list. Rather, the official notice implemented the consequences of final judgments, including the Cassation Court’s decision, by ending the temporary listings and recording the final designations.
The three individuals named in the official decision are Abdelrahman Hassan Mohamed Meligi, Gamal Abdel Hamid Gomaa Abdel Hamid and Osama Ibrahim Mohamed Mostafa al-Rakh. They were added to the terrorist list on the basis of final convictions, according to the published notice.
Egypt’s framework for these designations is set out in Law No. 8 of 2015, which governs lists of terrorist entities and terrorists. The law provides for different routes to a listing. In some cases, a designated criminal court may issue a listing decision following a request from the public prosecutor and supporting materials. In other cases, a final criminal judgment provides the legal basis for the designation.
The new decision also brings an end to the earlier temporary measures involving the Brotherhood. Those measures were issued in 2022 and published in the Official Gazette in January 2023. The latest publication states that their effect is terminated as the final designation takes effect.
Under the law, listing an organization can carry consequences for its activities, premises and finances. The framework provides for restrictions that may include banning the entity’s activities, closing its offices, prohibiting meetings held in its name and restricting the collection or transfer of funds for its benefit. Assets may also be subject to seizure or management under the applicable legal procedures.
For individuals placed on the terrorist list, the law sets out separate consequences. Depending on the circumstances and the decision, these can include travel restrictions and limits on holding public office, as well as measures relating to passports and access to certain positions. The measures attached to a listing are governed by the legislation and the terms of the relevant court decision.
The final designation follows years of legal proceedings and repeated extensions of temporary listings. In September 2026, a Cairo criminal court separately extended the Brotherhood’s listing for five years under another case. That action was distinct from the final listing announced in November, which relied on a different judicial record and became effective following final judgments.
The legal history also includes earlier disputes over which authority could place people on terrorist lists. In 2015, the Court of Cassation overturned a decision by the public prosecutor to list Brotherhood leaders, finding that the prosecutor had acted outside the proper judicial authority. Egypt’s subsequent legal framework set out a process in which designated criminal courts handle listing requests.
The November decision marks a shift from a temporary designation subject to renewal to a final listing based on completed judicial proceedings. Its practical effects will depend on how the relevant provisions are applied by state agencies and courts. The measure is an Egyptian domestic legal action; consequences outside Egypt would depend on the laws and decisions of other jurisdictions.
